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1 Scope
This international Standard specifies requirements for an environmental management system1 to enable an organization to formulate a policy and objectives taking into account legislative requirements and information about significant environmental impacts. it applies to those environmental aspects which the organization can control and over which it can be expected to have an influence. It does not itself state specific environmental performance criteria.
This international Standard is applicable to any organization that wishes to
a) implement, maintain and improve an environmental management system;
b) assure itself of its conformance with its stated environmental policy;
c) demonstrate such conformance to others;
d) seek certification/registration of its environmental management system by an external organization;
e) make a self-determination and self-declaration of conformance with this international Standard.
All the requirements in this International Standard are intended to be incorporated into any environmental management system. The extent of the application will depend on such factors as the environmental policy of the organization1 the nature of its activities and the conditions in which it operates. This International Standard also provides, in annex A, informative guidance on the use of the specification.
The scope of any application of this International Standard must be clearly identified.
NOTE - For ease of use, the subclause of the specification and annex A have related numbers; thus, for example, 4.3.3 and A.3.3 both deal with environmental objectives and targets, and 4.5.4 and A.5.4 both deal with environmental management system audit.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references at present.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard. the following definitions apply.
3.1 continual improvement
process of enhancing the environmental management system to achieve improvements in overall environmental performance in line with the organization's environmental policy.
NOTE - The process need not take place in all areas of activity simultaneously.
3.2 environment
surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora. fauna, humans, and their interrelation.
NOTE -Surroundings in this context extend from within an organization to the global system.
3.3 environmental aspect
element of an organization's activities, products or services that can interact with the environment
NOTE - A significant environmental aspect is an environmental aspect that has or can have a significant environmental impact.
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1.范围
本标准规定了对环境管理体系的要求，使一个组织能够根据法律要求和重大环境影响信息，制定环境方针与目标。它适用于那些可为组织所控制，以及可能希望组织对其施加影响的环境因素。但它本身并未提出具体的环境表现（行为）准则。
本标准适用于任何有下列愿望的组织：
a）实施、保持并改进环境管理体系；
b）使自己确信能符合所声明的环境方针；
c）向外界展示符合性；
d）寻求外部组织对其环境管理体系的认证/注册；
e）对符合本标准的情况进行自我鉴定和自我声明。
本标准中所有的要求都适用于任何一个环境管理体系。其应用程度取决于组织的环境方针、活动性质、运行条件等因素。本标准还在附录A中对如何使用本规范提供了提示性的指南。
对于本标准的任何应用，都应明确界定其范围。
注:为使用方便起见，“规范”部分和附录A中的条目采用了互相对应的序号，例如，4.3.3和A3.3的内容都是关于环境目标和指标的叙述，4.5.4和A5.4的内容都是关于环境管理体系审核等。
2. 引用标准
目前尚无引用标准。
3. 定义
下列定义适用于本标准：
3.1 持续改进
强化环境管理体系的过程，目的是根据组织的环境方针，实现对整体环境表现（行为）的改进。
注:该过程不必同时发生于活动的所有方面。
3.2 环境
组织运行活动的外部存在，包括空气、水、土地、自然资源、植物、动物、人，以及它们之间的相互关系。
注:从这一意义上,外部存在从组织内延伸到全球系统。
3.3 环境因素
一个组织的活动、产品或服务中能与环境发生相互作用的要素。
注:重要环境因素是指具有或能够产生重大环境影响的环境因素。
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